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Flag of Mandatory Palestine
During the British Mandate for Palestine from 1920 until 1948, the de facto flag was the Union Jack or Union Flag of the United Kingdom, but several localized flags existed for Mandate government departments and government officials. The only Palestine-specific flag not restricted to official government use was the Palestine ensign (red with the Union Flag in the canton, and a white circle on the fly with the mandate's name inside it), which was flown by ships registered in the British Mandate territory during the period 1927–1948. This flag had an extremely limited use on land, and was not embraced by either the Arabs or the Jews of the Palestine mandate territory. It was based on the British Red Ensign (civil ensign) instead of the Blue Ensign (used as the basis for the flags of nearly all other British-ruled territories in Africa and Asia), since it was only intended for use at sea by non-government ships.〔(Civil Ensign 1927-1948 (British Mandate of Palestine) ) at FOTW site〕〔(British Mandate of Palestine 1923-1948 ) at FOTW site〕
== Zionist Flags in Mandatory Palestine ==
The use of Zionist or Hebrew flags was common in the Yishuv, as the body of Jewish residents in Palestine was known before the establishment of the State of Israel, and such flags were often flown by such Yishuv institutions as The Jewish Agency or the Histadrut. However, the Yishuv constituted only one of the country's main two ethnic communities - the other such community, the Palestinian Arabs, being strongly opposed to the Zionist movement and to this movement's flag(s) and having quite different flags of their own. Thus, Hebrew flags were never recognized or given an official status by the British authorities, which throughout the vicissitude of their Palestine policy always asserted an impartiality as between Jews and Arabs - the only official Flag of Palestine being the Union Jack and its derivatives, as noted above.
Still, the French dictionary Le Petit Larousse Illustré contained a world flag section which, from 1924 to 1939, showed the flag of Palestine as a yellow Star of David on a Blue and White background.〔(Flag in Larousse Dictionary )〕 It is unknown on which basis Le Petit Larousse Illustré chose this flag as representing Palestine. While what would become after 1948 the Flag of Israel also includes the Star of David and a Blue and White background, these elements are arranged in a completely different way. The "Larousse Flag of Palestine" most closely resembles the flag used in 1933-34 by the short-lived, Jaffa-based and Zionist-oriented Hofiya Shipping Company.〔Hebrew Wikipedia page חופיה (Hofiya Shipping Company 1933-4 )〕 In January 1934 the "Immanuel", the single vessel owned by Hofiya, was lost at sea with all hands, shortly after its crew were photographed at the post of Southampton proudly flying their company flag - which, as noted, closely resembles what the Larousse depicted as the Flag of Palestine. However, as of November 2015, no historian in known to have done any thorough research on the antecedents of the Larousse publication.
At some time in the 2010s, activists supportive of the right-wing in Israeli politics and their supporters worldwide discovered the Larousse flag and started citing it in support of their present-day political positions. Thus, the American Jihad Watch blog - affiliated with the David Horowitz Freedom Center, an organisation described as being far-right by the Southern Poverty Law Center - 〔(Dutch Lawmaker Brings His Anti-Muslim Spiel to U.S. ), Hatewatch, Southern Poverty Law Center〕 asserted that ''"This 1939 flag of Palestine shows that it () was recognized as a Jewish entity even then"'' and that ''"There was no Palestinian nationality before the 1960s, when it was invented"''.〔Robert Spencer, "The flag of Palestine, 1939" in Jihad Watch, November 15, 2014 ()〕 Similarly, the Israeli website "Patrioti Yisraeli" (An Israeli Patriot) published an article asserting, on the basis of the "Larousse Flag", that ''"From 1920 - 1948 a State of Palestine existed as per international law but it was, as all of its major institutions, Jewish"''.〔Unsigned bilingual Hebrew-English article in "Patrioti Yisraeli", November 2014 ()〕 Similar assertions were made by various groupings and similarly-minded websites and blogs in Hebrew, English and other languages, but as of November 2015 the issue is not known to have been taken up by any mainstream politician in Israel or other countries.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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